Publications

@article{Clark2025-im,

title = {Conversion between longitudinal and shear waves at normal  incidence using tailored meta-structures},

author = {Matt Clark and Rafael Fuentes-Dom\'{i}nguez and Peng Jin and Rikesh Patel and Marco Simonelli and Richard J Smith},

doi = {10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119325},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-12-01},

urldate = {2025-12-01},

journal = {J. Sound Vib.},

volume = {618},

number = {119325},

pages = {119325},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gong2025-fh,

title = {Thermal blood flowmeter based on cascaded Fabry-P\'{e}rot  Interferometers utilising the enhanced harmonic Vernier effect},

author = {Ruirong Gong and Stephen P Morgan and Serhiy Korposh and Chenyang He and Barrie R Hayes-Gill and Ricardo Correia},

doi = {10.1016/j.optlaseng.2025.109145},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-11-01},

urldate = {2025-11-01},

journal = {Opt. Lasers Eng.},

volume = {194},

number = {109145},

pages = {109145},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kerfoot2025-fz,

title = {Imaging the photophysics of organic semiconductors using  polarisation-resolved and near-field optical spectroscopies},

author = {James Kerfoot and Tyler James and Takashi Taniguchi and Kenji Watanabe and Peter H Beton and Graham A Rance and Michael W George},

doi = {10.1016/j.optcom.2025.131945},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-09-01},

urldate = {2025-09-01},

journal = {Opt. Commun.},

volume = {588},

number = {131945},

pages = {131945},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gaston2025-fb,

title = {Challenges in the diagnosis of biliary stricture and  cholangiocarcinoma and perspectives on the future applications  of advanced technologies},

author = {Kevin Gaston and Abdelkhalick Mohammad and Suresh Vasan Venkatachalapathy and Ioan Notingher and George S D Gordon and Arvind Arora and Frankie J Rawson and Jane I Grove and Abhik Mukherjee and Dhanny Gomez and Padma-Sheela Jayaraman and Guruprasad P Aithal},

doi = {10.3390/cancers17142301},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-01},

urldate = {2025-07-01},

journal = {Cancers (Basel)},

volume = {17},

number = {14},

pages = {2301},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {In the management of cholangiocarcinoma, effective biliary 

 drainage and accurate diagnosis are vital to allow further 

 treatment. Confirmation of tissue diagnosis and molecular 

 characterization is also required to guide future treatment 

 options including surgery and chemotherapy as well as the 

 possible use of personalized treatments that target specific 

 mutations present within individual tumours. Initial CT or MRI 

 scans may be followed by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) or 

 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) to obtain 

 tissue samples. However, these methods often fall short due to 

 difficulty in accessing entire bile duct strictures. SpyGlass 

 cholangioscopy can improve diagnosis, yet may fail to provide 

 sufficient tissue for molecular characterization. Here we 

 present a perspective on the development of snake-like agile 

 robots with integrated optical imaging and Raman spectroscopy. 

 These robots could improve the mapping of the biliary tree and 

 the precision of biopsy collection and allow tissue analysis in 

 situ, as well as facilitating stenting to restore the flow of 

 bile. A multidisciplinary approach that brings together 

 clinicians, pathologists, and engineers is required to develop 

 these new robotic technologies and improve patient outcomes.},

keywords = {bile duct, Cholangiocarcinoma, cholestasis, liver cancer, robotics},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kocon2025-ay,

title = {Regional profiling reveals a distinct glioblastoma infiltrative  margin proteome},

author = {Artur Kocon and Stuart J Smith and Benito Morentin and Luis F Callado and Wayne Carter and Ruman Rahman},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-025-09228-z},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-01},

urldate = {2025-07-01},

journal = {Sci. Rep.},

volume = {15},

number = {1},

pages = {24021},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type glioblastoma, a malignant 

 brain tumour of glial origin, confers a poor prognosis with a 

 median survival of 12 to 16 months from diagnosis. Glioblastomas 

 are aggressive tumours that rapidly proliferate and diffusely 

 infiltrate surrounding brain tissue. Current multimodal standard 

 treatment is typically ineffective and despite gross total 

 surgical resection, tumours recur with more aggressive 

 sub-clonal populations of malignant cells. A defining 

 characteristic of glioblastoma is its highly heterogeneous 

 nature and acquirement of somatic mutations advantageous to 

 tumour growth and suppression of apoptotic pathways. 

 Pathogenesis of malignant brain tumours as well as its mode of 

 transformation to a more aggressive subtype is still largely 

 unknown. Although genomic studies have elucidated a plethora of 

 genetic markers associated with glioblastoma subtypes, only a 

 few have been utilised in a clinical setting. One of the 

 emerging approaches to studying glioblastomas is by 

 investigating how an active proteome contributes to its 

 aggressive nature. Furthermore, through activation of specific 

 pathways via post-translational modifications of proteins such 

 as phosphorylation, glioblastomas create an intricate network of 

 signalling pathways which favour tumour growth and 

 proliferation. Here, we investigated the feasibility of diverse 

 methodological approaches to describe abnormal protein 

 signalling across distinct intra-tumour regions of primary 

 glioblastoma tissue, including proliferative core, peripheral 

 rim, and invasive margin. Whilst we observe a broadly comparable 

 proteome relative to the human non-diseased brain, we identify 

 cytoplasmic proteins α-trypsin, actin, apolipoprotein A1 

 and transthyretin which may putatively be associated with the 

 GBM infiltrative tumour margin.},

keywords = {2D-PAGE, Glioblastoma, Proteomics, Tandem mass spectrometry},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Swamy2025-po,

title = {Pulse oximeter bench tests under different simulated skin tones},

author = {Suvvi K Narayana Swamy and Chenyang He and Barrie R Hayes-Gill and Daniel J Clark and Sarah Green and Stephen P Morgan},

doi = {10.1007/s11517-024-03091-2},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-01},

urldate = {2025-07-01},

journal = {Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.},

volume = {63},

number = {7},

pages = {1931\textendash1942},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Pulse oximeters\' (POs) varying performance based on skin tones 

 has been highly publicised. Compared to arterial blood gas 

 analysis, POs tend to overestimate oxygen saturation (SpO2) 

 values for people with darker skin (occult hypoxemia). The 

 objective is to develop a test bench for assessing commercial 

 home and hospital-based POs in controlled laboratory conditions. 

 A laboratory simulator was used to mimic different SpO2 values 

 (~ 70 to 100%). Different neutral density and synthetic melanin 

 filters were used to reproduce low signal and varying melanin 

 attenuation levels. Six devices consisting of commercial home (Bioligh},

keywords = {Melanin, Occult hypoxemia, oxygen saturation, Pulse oximeter, Racial bias, Skin colour, Transmission-mode},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Rogers2025-vw,

title = {Macrocyclic transition-metal parashift complexes for MRI at  clinical and pre-clinical magnetic fields},

author = {Nicola J Rogers and Chowan Ashok Kumar and Carlson Alexander and Daniel Bowdery and Galina Pavlovskaya and Peter Harvey},

doi = {10.1039/d5dt01149c},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-01},

urldate = {2025-07-01},

journal = {Dalton Trans.},

volume = {54},

number = {28},

pages = {11036\textendash11046},

publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},

abstract = {A series of macrocyclic transition-metal complexes, including 

 Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes, have been 

 evaluated for parashift MRI imaging applications, by assessing 

 their paramagnetic NMR properties, including proton chemical 

 shifts, nuclear relaxation rates, and any exchange dynamics in 

 solution, at magnetic fields strengths relevant to clinical and 

 pre-clinical imaging. Among the complexes studied, Fe(II) and 

 Co(II) systems demonstrated significant paramagnetic shifts with 

 desirable relaxation properties, making them potential 

 candidates for lanthanide-free parashift molecular probes for 

 MRI. Field-dependent nuclear relaxation rate analyses provided 

 insights into electronic relaxation times, confirming the 

 suitability of certain complexes for parashift imaging at lower 

 magnetic fields. Phantom imaging experiments at 9.4 T further 

 validated the feasibility of molecular imaging using a 

 cyclen-based macrocyclic Fe(II) complex, making a significant 

 advance toward developing transition metal-based MRI probes 

 using biogenic metal ions, and offer promise for future 

 responsive imaging due to the direct signal detection.},

keywords = {MRI},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Mendonca2025-la,

title = {The mitotic chromosome periphery modulates chromosome mechanics},

author = {Tania Mendonca and Roman Urban and Kellie Lucken and George Coney and Neil M Kad and Manlio Tassieri and Amanda J Wright and Daniel G Booth},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-025-61755-5},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-01},

urldate = {2025-07-01},

journal = {Nat. Commun.},

volume = {16},

number = {1},

pages = {6399},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {In dividing cells, chromosomes are coated in a sheath of 

 proteins and RNA called the mitotic chromosome periphery. This 

 sheath is thought to confer biophysical properties to 

 chromosomes, critical for successful cell division. However, the 

 details of chromosome mechanics, and specifically, if and how 

 the chromosome periphery contributes to them, remain poorly 

 understood. In this study, we present a comprehensive 

 characterisation of single-chromosome mechanics using optical 

 tweezers and an improved broadband microrheology analysis. We 

 extend this analysis to direct measurements of the chromosome 

 periphery by manipulating levels of Ki-67, its chief organiser, 

 and apply a rheological model to isolate its contribution to 

 chromosome mechanics. We report that the chromosome periphery 

 governs dynamic self-reorganisation of chromosomes and acts as a 

 structural constraint, providing force-damping properties. This 

 work provides significant insight into chromosome mechanics and 

 will inform our understanding of the mitotic chromosome 

 periphery\'s role in cell division.},

keywords = {chromosome mechanics, microrheology, optical trapping, Optical tweezers},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kerfoot2025-sk,

title = {Benchmarking TERS and TEPL probes: towards a reference sample  for quantification of near-field enhancement factors in gap and  non-gap modes},

author = {James Kerfoot and Elizabeth J Legge and Amy Collins and Jasbinder Chauhan and Kai Rossnagel and Peter H Beton and Christopher J Mellor and Andrew J Pollard and Graham A Rance and Michael W George},

doi = {10.1039/d5an00456j},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-01},

urldate = {2025-07-01},

journal = {Analyst},

volume = {150},

number = {14},

pages = {3077\textendash3088},

abstract = {Benchmarking the near-field signal enhancement attained using 

 plasmonic metal-coated atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes for 

 tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) and tip-enhanced 

 photoluminescence (TEPL) measurements is challenging given the 

 absence of a suitable reference sample that is simple to prepare, 

 easy to use and compatible with different instrument 

 configurations. To this end, in this study, we have fabricated a 

 flake of monolayer tungsten diselenide (1L-WSe2) stamped across 

 the interface of gold and silver thin films on silicon dioxide 

 and glass. We have demonstrated these samples to be effective for 

 the facile determination of near-field Raman and 

 photoluminescence contrast factors in both gap and non-gap mode, 

 respectively. We show that the near-degenerate E12g + A1g and 

 2LA(M) peaks in the Raman spectra of WSe2 enable quantification 

 of Raman contrast factors, with a ∼1.6-fold increase in TERS 

 signal enhancement in gap mode, relative to non-gap mode, 

 observed for a typical probe. Similar differences in the 

 photoluminescence contrast factors were observed comparing 

 in-contact and out-of-contact signal intensity ratios from gap 

 and non-gap mode TEPL measurements. Moreover, in developing a 

 reference methodology we found that the line shape of the TEPL 

 profile was dependent upon the magnitude of the signal 

 enhancement, with a disproportionate increase in the longer 

 wavelength shoulder of the emission observed in gap mode. As this 

 contribution to the asymmetric line shape is tentatively assigned 

 to a dark exciton, which possesses an out-of-plane transition 

 dipole moment, our TEPL measurements indicate that the 

 directionality of the near-field enhancement provides a further 

 handle enabling quantification of probe performance. Using 

 samples prepared on glass, and comparing results obtained from 

 two different instruments, each with a different excitation laser 

 wavelength and optical access, we demonstrate the universal 

 applicability of our reference material for sensitivity 

 benchmarking of metallised AFM probes in both gap and non-gap 

 mode, suitable for both reflection and transmission geometries, 

 and across the range of laser wavelengths typically used for TERS 

 and TEPL.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Robertson2025-mg,

title = {Ultrafast ring-opening dynamics of 1,2-dithiane following  ultraviolet absorption},

author = {Patrick A Robertson and James Merrick and David Heathcote and Matthew S Robinson and Alexander Butler and Yasmine Biddick and J F Pedro Nunes and Conor Rankine and Zhihao Liu and Samuel F Arrowsmith and James O F Thompson and M Nrisimha Murty and Richard Chapman and Emma Springate and Edward A Anderson and Adam Kirrander and Claire Vallance},

doi = {10.1016/j.cplett.2025.142095},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-01},

urldate = {2025-07-01},

journal = {Chem. Phys. Lett.},

volume = {871},

number = {142095},

pages = {142095},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Li2025-kr,

title = {Women in quantum},

author = {Yan Li and Melissa Mather and Nicole Metje and Angela Sara Cacciapuoti and Lorenza Criscuolo and Laura d\'Avossa and Mayu Muramatsu and Maria Maragkou},

doi = {10.1038/s44172-025-00449-8},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-06-01},

urldate = {2025-06-01},

journal = {Commun Eng},

volume = {4},

number = {1},

pages = {112},

keywords = {quantum optics, quantum sensing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gadsby2025-jh,

title = {Ex vivo investigation of a smart endotracheal tube for identifying esophageal intubation},

author = {Brett Gadsby and Sergiy Korposh and Ricardo Correia and Chenyang He and Barrie R Hayes-Gill and Andrew M Norris and Jonathan G Hardman and David W Hewson and Stephen P Morgan},

doi = {10.1117/1.JBO.30.6.067003},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-06-01},

urldate = {2025-06-01},

journal = {J. Biomed. Opt.},

volume = {30},

number = {6},

pages = {067003},

abstract = {Significance: Unrecognized intubation of the esophagus instead of 

 the trachea results in rapid and severe consequences for the 

 patient. Utilizing the spectral properties of the tissues could 

 reduce incidents of these events. Aim: We aim to investigate the 

 design and implementation of a smart endotracheal tube (ETT) with 

 integrated optical fiber sensors to distinguish esophageal and 

 tracheal tissues. Approach: Computational methods are 

 investigated to characterize and classify nine pairs of ex vivo 

 porcine organs using spectral properties. Two classifiers [ K 

 -nearest neighbor and linear discriminant analysis (LDA)] are 

 investigated. Results: Of the tissues sampled, 100% are 

 correctly distinguished, with LDA being the preferred choice when 

 considering both performance and applicability. Conclusions: In 

 clinical practice, this approach offers a method for confirming 

 correct tracheal intubation using the spectral properties of the 

 tissues, performed in a single step with no other invasive 

 medical device than the ETT required to detect the spectral 

 measurements.},

keywords = {biosensor, endotracheal tube, Optical fiber sensor, spectral   reflectance, unrecognized esophageal intubation},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Li2025-ok,

title = {Measuring the elastic properties of the Gibeon meteorite using  laser ultrasound},

author = {Wenqi Li and Matt Clark and Richard J Smith},

doi = {10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116666},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-06-01},

urldate = {2025-06-01},

journal = {Scr. Mater.},

volume = {262},

number = {116666},

pages = {116666},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {Elasticity imaging, Ultrasound},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sexton2025-go,

title = {Characterising and propagating the sources of error and  uncertainty in the optical measurement of gears using designed  experiments},

author = {Denis Sexton and Sofia Catalucci and Andy Sharpe and Robert Frazer and Samanta Piano},

doi = {10.1088/1361-6501/addd40},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-06-01},

urldate = {2025-06-01},

journal = {Meas. Sci. Technol.},

volume = {36},

number = {6},

pages = {065014},

publisher = {IOP Publishing},

abstract = {Abstract In recent years, the growth of optical techniques has 

 introduced the possibility of allowing several alternative 

 methods for non-contact gear measurement to be utilised. Optical 

 methods can offer many advantages over tactile, such as the 

 potential to evaluate delicate surfaces quickly and measure the 

 whole area of the gear tooth flank at the sub-micron level. 

 However, to maximise their potential, the magnitude of error and 

 characterisation of the sources of error and uncertainty need to 

 be understood. By utilising a series of designed experiments 

 with known size gear artefacts, the effects caused by the change 

 of specific key instrument parameters can be evaluated. These 

 measurement trials demonstrate how the results from experimental 

 methodologies can be used to determine the statistical 

 significance of any predetermined instrument variables under 

 study. When correctly planned, designed experiments allow the 

 identification of the sources of error. By applying statistical 

 methods, we can determine if these sources are significant or 

 not. This will allow determination of which parameters need to 

 be defined when optimising the conditions for measurement by 

 comparing the results with those from the UK National Gear 

 Metrology Laboratory. This comparison can also provide guidance 

 on developing measurement uncertainty.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Atkocius2025-tg,

title = {State-dependent transport in RF-dressed atom chip potentials},

author = {Vilius Atko\v{c}ius and Jamie Johnson and Rhys Morrison and Fabio Gentile and Charu Mishra and Christopher J Mellor and Thomas Fernholz},

doi = {10.1116/5.0241484},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-06-01},

urldate = {2025-06-01},

journal = {AVS Quantum Sci.},

volume = {7},

number = {2},

publisher = {American Vacuum Society},

abstract = {The manipulation of ultracold atoms in radio-frequency 

 (RF)-dressed potentials offers unique advantages over static 

 magnetic traps, such as the ability to create more complex 

 potential landscapes, better control of atomic states, and 

 increased robustness to environmental noise. Among the 

 accessible geometries, ring traps are particularly promising for 

 atomic Sagnac interferometers, which can be used to measure 

 rotational motion with high sensitivity. Here, the authors 

 demonstrate the state-dependent transport of atoms in an 

 RF-dressed ring trap on an atom chip. By exploiting the 

 polarization-dependent coupling of RF fields to different atomic 

 hyperfine states, the authors achieve controlled transport of 

 atoms in opposite directions. This approach targets the 

 development of compact, high-precision devices for applications 

 in inertial navigation and rotation sensing.},

keywords = {ring traps, ultracold atoms},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Nelson-Dummett2025-ea,

title = {Inkjet printed 3D architectures: from silver micropillar  arrays and lattices to multimaterial metamaterials},

author = {Oliver Nelson-Dummett and Thomas Whittaker and William Whittow and Jacek Wojcik and Juan Francisco Reyes Luna and Caitlin McCall and Ahmet Koca and Christopher J Tuck and Richard J M Hague and Lyudmila Turyanska},

doi = {10.1016/j.mtadv.2025.100584},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-06-01},

urldate = {2025-06-01},

journal = {Mater. Today Adv.},

volume = {26},

number = {100584},

pages = {100584},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {3D printing, Multi-material 3D printing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Morales-Pastor2025-mk,

title = {Multiple intramolecular triggers converge to preferential G  protein coupling in the CB2R},

author = {Adrian Morales-Pastor and Tamara Milju\v{s} and Miguel Dieguez-Eceolaza and Tomasz Maciej St\k{e}pniewski and Vicente Ledesma-Martin and Franziska M Heydenreich and Tilman Flock and Bianca Plouffe and Christian Le Gouill and Jean Duchaine and David A Sykes and Colin Nicholson and Eline J Koers and Wolfgang Guba and Arne C Rufer and Uwe Grether and Michel Bouvier and Dmitry B Veprintsev and Jana Selent},

doi = {10.1038/s41467-025-60003-0},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-06-01},

urldate = {2025-06-01},

journal = {Nat. Commun.},

volume = {16},

number = {1},

pages = {5265},

abstract = {G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important therapeutic 

 drug targets for a wide range of diseases. Upon activation, GPCRs 

 can initiate several signaling pathways, each with unique 

 therapeutic implications. Therefore, understanding how drugs 

 selectively engage specific signaling pathways becomes paramount. 

 However, achieving this selectivity remains highly challenging. 

 To unravel the underlying multifaceted mechanisms, we integrate 

 systematic mutagenesis of the CB2R, comprehensive profiling of 

 Gαi2 and β-arrestin1 engagements and computer 

 simulations to track the effects of mutations on receptor 

 dynamics. Our research reveals multiple triggers within a complex 

 allosteric communication network (ACN) that converge to 

 preferential CB2R coupling by modulating evolutionarily conserved 

 motifs. Utilizing network path analysis, we find that potent 

 triggers are typically highly connected nodes and are located 

 near regions of high information transmission within the ACN. Our 

 insights highlight the complexity of GPCR signaling and provide a 

 framework for the rational design of drug candidates tailored to 

 evoke specific functional responses, ultimately enhancing the 

 precision and efficacy of therapeutic interventions.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wang2025-ev,

title = {Inkjet printed multifunctional graphene sensors for flexible and  wearable electronics},

author = {Feiran Wang and Charles E D Heaton and Nathan D Cottam and Jonathan S Austin and Jisun Im and T Mark Fromhold and Ricky D Wildman and Richard J M Hague and Christopher J Tuck and Oleg Makarovsky and Lyudmila Turyanska},

doi = {10.1002/aelm.202400689},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-05-01},

urldate = {2025-05-01},

journal = {Adv. Electron. Mater.},

volume = {11},

number = {7},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {AbstractThe exceptional electrical properties of graphene with 

 high sensitivity to external stimuli make it an ideal candidate 

 for advanced sensing technologies. Inkjet printing of graphene 

 (iGr) can provide a versatile platform for multifunctional 

 sensor manufacturing. Here the multifunctional sensor enabled by 

 combining the design freedom of inkjet printing with the unique 

 properties of graphene networks is reported on. A fully inkjet 

 printed multimaterial device consists of two layers of iGr 

 stripes separated by a dielectric polymeric layer of 

 tripropylene glycol diacrylate (TPGDA). In these devices, the 

 bottom iGr layer, capped with TPGDA, provides temperature 

 sensing, the top uncapped iGr is sensitive to the external 

 atmosphere, while the capacitance between the two iGr layers is 

 sensitive to the applied pressure. The fast, sensitive, and 

 reproducible performance of these sensors are demonstrated in 

 response to environmental stimuli, such as pressure, 

 temperature, humidity, and magnetic field. The devices are 

 capable of simultaneous sensing of multiple factors and are 

 successfully manufactured on a variety of substrates, including 

 Si/SiO2, flexible Kapton films and textiles, demonstrating their 

 potential impact in applications compatible with silicon 

 technologies as well as wearable and healthcare devices.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Kosar2025-la,

title = {Profiling allosteric modulators of CB1R with an allosteric  fluoroprobe},

author = {Miroslav Kosar and Themiya Perera and Rudolf L Z Ganzoni and Roman C Sarott and Leire Borrega-Roman and Rosa Maria Vitale and Alessia Ligresti and Arne C Rufer and Wolfgang Guba and Uwe Grether and Erick M Carreira and Dmitry B Veprintsev and David A Sykes},

doi = {10.1002/anie.202421885},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-05-01},

urldate = {2025-05-01},

journal = {Angew. Chem. Int. Ed Engl.},

volume = {64},

number = {20},

pages = {e202421885},

publisher = {Wiley},

abstract = {Allosteric modulation of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) 

 offers a promising alternative to conventional therapeutic 

 approaches using orthosteric ligands (OLs). Currently, CB1R 

 allosteric modulators (AMs) are characterized based on their 

 ability to modulate binding or functional response of OLs, 

 preventing isolation of individual contributions by allosteric 

 and orthosteric ligands. Herein, we develop the first allosteric 

 fluoroprobe and attendant FRET-based assay allowing for the 

 direct profiling of CB1R AMs without coincubation with an OL. 

 Our allosteric tracer enables differentiation of allosteric and 

 orthosteric ligands as well as their pharmacological profiling 

 at CB1R. The utility of this work is highlighted by addressing 

 ambiguities surrounding the binding of cannabidiol (CBD). CBD 

 was found to interact with both allosteric and orthosteric sites of CB1R with comparable affinity (pKi=5.34 and 5.67, 

 respectively).},

keywords = {Allosteric modulators, Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 (CB1R), Fluoroprobe, G protein-coupled receptors, TR-FRET},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Thomas2025-td,

title = {Evolution of preclinical models for glioblastoma modelling and drug screening},

author = {Grace Thomas and Ruman Rahman},

doi = {10.1007/s11912-025-01672-4},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-05-01},

urldate = {2025-05-01},

journal = {Curr. Oncol. Rep.},

volume = {27},

number = {5},

pages = {601\textendash624},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type 

 glioblastoma is an extremely aggressive and fatal primary brain 

 tumour, characterised by extensive heterogeneity and diffuse 

 infiltration of brain parenchyma. Despite multimodal treatment 

 and diverse research efforts to develop novel therapies, there 

 has been limited success in improving patient outcomes. 

 Constructing physiologically relevant preclinical models is 

 essential to optimising drug screening processes and identifying 

 more effective treatments. RECENT FINDINGS: Traditional in-vitro 

 models have provided critical insights into glioblastoma 

 pathophysiology; however, they are limited in their ability to 

 recapitulate the complex tumour microenvironment and its 

 interactions with surrounding cells. In-vivo models offer a more 

 physiologically relevant context, but often do not fully 

 represent human pathology, are expensive, and time-consuming. 

 These limitations have contributed to the low translational 

 success of therapies from trials to clinic. Organoid and 

 glioblastoma-on-a-chip technology represent significant advances 

 in glioblastoma modelling and enable the replication of key 

 features of the human tumour microenvironment, including its 

 structural, mechanical, and biochemical properties. Organoids 

 provide a 3D system that captures cellular heterogeneity and 

 tumour architecture, while microfluidic chips offer dynamic 

 systems capable of mimicking vascularisation and nutrient 

 exchange. Together, these technologies hold tremendous potential 

 for high throughput drug screening and personalised, precision 

 medicine. This review explores the evolution of preclinical 

 models in glioblastoma modelling and drug screening, emphasising 

 the transition from traditional systems to more advanced 

 organoid and microfluidic platforms. Furthermore, it aims to 

 evaluate the advantages and limitations of both traditional and 

 next-generation models, investigating their combined potential 

 to address current challenges by integrating complementary 

 aspects of specific models and techniques.},

keywords = {Glioblastoma, Glioblastoma-on-a-chip, Microfluids, Organoids, Preclinical model},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Pearcy2025-kj,

title = {Adapting OptCouple to identify strategies with increased  product yields in community cohorts of E. coli},

author = {Nicole Pearcy and Jamie Twycross},

doi = {10.3390/metabo15050309},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-05-01},

urldate = {2025-05-01},

journal = {Metabolites},

volume = {15},

number = {5},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Microbesas chemical factories provide an alternative 

 sustainable approach for producing platform chemicals. Until 

 recently, most efforts have involved engineering heterologous 

 pathways into a single microbial chassis to maximise its 

 production of a target chemical. More recently, cohorts of 

 microbes have been used to engineer microbial communities to 

 achieve higher yields than achieved in a single chassis.},

keywords = {community microbial designs, guaranteed product   yields, multi-directional dependent models, OptCouple},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Osborne2025-gb,

title = {Alpha-linolenic acid-modified liposomes associate with and  modulate antibiotic activity against Helicobacter pylori},

author = {Nicola C Osborne and Rosa Catania and Snow Stolnik and Karen Robinson},

doi = {10.1099/mic.0.001562},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-05-01},

urldate = {2025-05-01},

journal = {Microbiology},

volume = {171},

number = {5},

abstract = {Fatty acids have antimicrobial activity against a wide range of 

 bacteria. We therefore aimed to incorporate omega-3 unsaturated 

 alpha-linolenic acid (αLA) into the membrane of 

 antibiotic-loaded liposomes to create a system with dual 

 antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori. Liposomes 

 containing 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 

 cholesterol, sphingomyelin and the far-red fluorescent DiD label, 

 with varying content of αLA (mol% to total lipid), were 

 fabricated using the thin film evaporation method and hydrated 

 with PBS or amoxicillin solution. The liposomes were 

 characterized for αLA and amoxicillin content, particle 

 size, membrane fluidity and permeability, prior to their addition 

 to cultures of H. pylori strains and clinical isolates. 

 αLA-modified liposomes enhanced the antibacterial action 

 of amoxicillin against H. pylori, as determined using a viable 

 count method. The liposomal formulation achieved a 3-log 

 reduction in bacterial density, compared to a 1.5- to 2-log 

 reduction by amoxicillin in solution. The application of imaging 

 cytometry revealed a significantly increased association of 

 αLA-modified liposomes with H. pylori cells, compared to 

 non-αLA control liposomes. In conclusion, this study 

 demonstrated, for the first time, that the incorporation of 

 αLA increased the attraction of the liposomes to H. pylori 

 and increased antibiotic potency. This suggests that αLA 

 incorporation into liposomes may not only act as an 

 antimicrobial, but also as a potential in vivo targeting 

 strategy.},

keywords = {antibiotics, fatty acids, Helicobacter pylori, linolenic acid, liposomes},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Fuentes-Dominguez2025-oh,

title = {Body wave to surface wave conversion using tailored  meta-structures},

author = {Rafael Fuentes-Dom\'{i}nguez and Richard J Smith and Peng Jin and Marco Simonelli and Samuel Gibbon and Matt Clark},

doi = {10.1016/j.jsv.2025.118989},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-05-01},

urldate = {2025-05-01},

journal = {J. Sound Vib.},

volume = {603},

number = {118989},

pages = {118989},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{He2025-om,

title = {Scalable fabrication of single- and multi-layer planar lenses on  fiber imaging probes},

author = {Fei He and Rafael Fuentes-Dom\'{i}nguez and Richard Cousins and Christopher J Mellor and Andrew Daniel Rocha and Zuzana Adams and Jennifer K Barton and George S D Gordon},

doi = {10.1063/5.0252562},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-05-01},

urldate = {2025-05-01},

journal = {APL Photonics},

volume = {10},

number = {5},

publisher = {AIP Publishing},

abstract = {We present a novel, scalable method for fabricating single- and 

 multi-layer planar lenses on 125 μm-diameter fiber imaging 

 probes, demonstrating preliminary capabilities for both lateral 

 imaging (e.g., confocal microscopy) and axial imaging, using 

 optical coherence tomography (OCT) as an exemplar. Hair-thin 

 fiber endoscopes hold great promise for biomedical imaging, 

 especially when paired with custom optics. For instance, OCT 

 benefits from fiber facets that generate needle-like Bessel 

 beams with a large depth-of-field (DOF), while wide-field 

 imaging requires shorter DOF and higher lateral resolution. 

 Current devices often rely on direct fabrication on fiber tips, 

 which is incompatible with high-volume planar nano-fabrication 

 necessary for producing low-cost disposable biomedical devices. 

 In this paper, we propose a scalable fabrication approach 

 compatible with semiconductor manufacturing, which also allows 

 for simultaneous transfer of multiple devices onto fibers. We 

 demonstrate this by transferring four planar lenses at once. To 

 prove their imaging abilities, we designed and transferred a 

 Fresnel zone plate, optimized for lateral imaging, and a 

 diffractive axicon, optimized for axial imaging, onto fiber 

 facets. The axicon fiber generates a needle-like Bessel beam 

 with a 350 μm focal depth, retrieving focused images from a 

 standard resolution target over a 150 μm range. We also 

 present a preliminary demonstration of OCT imaging of reflective 

 targets with a commercial system. Finally, we show that this 

 approach supports multi-layer devices, by fabricating a 

 two-layer Fresnel zone plate fiber probe, which exhibits good 

 imaging performance. This method could enable the integration of 

 complex, multi-functional optical structures onto fibers for 

 advanced imaging and sensing applications.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Borrega-Roman2025-qf,

title = {A universal cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor TR-FRET  kinetic ligand-binding assay},

author = {Leire Borrega-Roman and Bradley L Hoare and Miroslav Kosar and Roman C Sarott and Kacper J Patej and Jara Bouma and Morgan Scott-Dennis and Eline J Koers and Thais Gazzi and Leonard Mach and Sergio Barrondo and Joan Sall\'{e}s and Wolfgang Guba and Eric Kusznir and Marc Nazar\'{e} and Arne C Rufer and Uwe Grether and Laura H Heitman and Erick M Carreira and David A Sykes and Dmitry B Veprintsev},

doi = {10.3389/fphar.2025.1469986},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-04-01},

urldate = {2025-04-01},

journal = {Front. Pharmacol.},

volume = {16},

pages = {1469986},

abstract = {Introduction: The kinetics of ligand binding to G protein-coupled 

 receptors (GPCRs) is an important optimization parameter in drug 

 discovery. Traditional radioligand assays are labor-intensive, 

 preventing their application at the early stages of drug 

 discovery. Fluorescence-based assays offer several advantages, 

 including a possibility to develop a homogeneous format, 

 continuous data collection, and higher throughput. This study 

 sought to develop a fluorescence-based binding assay to 

 investigate ligand-binding kinetics at human cannabinoid type 1 

 and 2 receptors (CB1R and CB2R). Methods: We synthesized D77, a 

 novel tracer derived from the non-selective cannabinoid 

 Δ8-THC. Using time-resolved F\"{o}rster resonance energy 

 transfer (TR-FRET), we developed an assay to study ligand-binding 

 kinetics at physiological temperatures. For CB1R, we truncated 

 the first 90 amino acids of its flexible N-terminal domain to 

 reduce the FRET distance between the terbium cryptate (donor) and 

 the fluorescent ligand (acceptor). The full-length CB2R construct 

 was functional without modification due to its shorter 

 N-terminus. The Motulsky-Mahan competition binding model was used 

 to analyze the binding kinetics of the endocannabinoids and 

 several other non-fluorescent ligands. Results: The D77 tracer 

 showed nanomolar-range affinity for truncated CB1R (CB1R91-472) 

 and full-length CB2R (CB2R1-360), displaying competitive binding 

 with orthosteric ligands. D77 exhibited rapid dissociation 

 kinetics from both CB1R and CB2R, which were similar to the 

 fastest dissociating reference compounds. This was critical for 

 accurately determining the on- and off-rates of the fastest 

 dissociating compounds. Using D77, we measured the kinetic 

 binding properties of various CB1R and CB2R agonists and 

 antagonists at physiological temperature and sodium ion 

 concentration. Discussion: The k on values for molecules binding 

 to CB1R varied by three orders of magnitude, from the slowest 

 (HU308) to the fastest (rimonabant). A strong correlation between 

 k on and affinity was observed for compounds binding to CB1R, 

 indicating that the association rate primarily determines their 

 affinity for CB1R. Unlike CB1R, a stronger correlation was found 

 between the dissociation rate constant k off and the affinity for 

 CB2R, suggesting that both k on and k off dictate the overall 

 affinity for CB2R. Exploring the kinetic parameters of 

 cannabinoid drug candidates could help drug development programs 

 targeting these receptors.},

keywords = {cannabinoid receptors, cannabinoid type 1, cannabinoid type 2, fluorescent ligand, kinetic ligand binding assay, ligand depletion, rebinding, time-resolved Forster resonance energy   transfer- based binding assay},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Loxley2025-lc,

title = {Long-term interleukin-4 release from 3D printable affinity  hydrogels promotes M2-like macrophage polarisation in vitro},

author = {George A Loxley and Consuelo Coser and Amir M Ghaemmaghami and Jing Yang},

doi = {10.1039/d4bm01623h},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-04-01},

urldate = {2025-04-01},

journal = {Biomater. Sci.},

volume = {13},

number = {9},

pages = {2489\textendash2502},

publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},

abstract = {The biopharmaceutical industry for engineered protein drugs is 

 rapidly increasing in size but there is a lack of controlled 

 release vehicles to enable targeted delivery for regenerative 

 medicine applications. In this study, we used photocrosslinkable 

 3-sulfopropyl acrylate potassium salt (SPAK)-poly(ethylene 

 glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels to achieve controlled 

 release of lysozyme for 70 days with zero-order release and 

 tuneable release rate. Scaling down hydrogel volume and protein 

 loading concentration to release Transforming growth factor 

 beta-1 (TGF-β1) and Interleukin-4 (IL-4) resulted in low 

 cumulative release, even without SPAK. Increasing PEGDA 

 molecular weight from 4 kDa to 20 kDa improved TGF-β1 

 release but it still remained below 10% after 10 days. We 

 observed sustained IL-4 release in the therapeutic ng mL-1 range 

 for 73 days when loading IL-4 to 5% SPAK-10% PEGDA post 

 photocrosslinking. Released IL-4 maintained bioactivity, 

 promoting M2-like polarisation of THP-1 macrophages with day 53 

 supernatant, modelling long-term immunomodulation in vitro. We 

 manufactured SPAK-PEGDA hydrogels by projection micro 

 stereolithography, in which 3D printed 5% SPAK-10% PEGDA had 

 an increased lysozyme release rate compared to its cast 

 counterpart. 3D printed 5% SPAK-10% PEGDA with porous 3D 

 design had an increased lysozyme release rate compared to a 

 volume matched non-porous design. These findings highlight the 

 potential of SPAK-PEGDA hydrogels for long-term cytokine 

 delivery and show proof-of-concept for manipulating protein 

 release kinetics with 3D printed hydrogel design.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Alayidi2025-xg,

title = {Exploring balance control mechanisms in people with multiple  sclerosis in virtual reality environment: a systematic review},

author = {Badriah Alayidi and Emad Al-Yahya and Donal McNally and Stephen P Morgan},

doi = {10.1186/s12984-025-01612-0},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-04-01},

urldate = {2025-04-01},

journal = {J. Neuroeng. Rehabil.},

volume = {22},

number = {1},

pages = {75},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) impairs balance control, 

 affecting mobility and quality of life. Virtual reality (VR) 

 offers a novel way to study balance mechanisms and potential 

 rehabilitation. This review examines balance control in MS 

 patients using VR, comparing responses in VR and non-VR settings 

 with those of healthy controls. METHODS: This systematic review 

 adhered to PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive searches were 

 conducted across databases including PubMed, Web of Science, 

 Scopus, CINAHL, and ScienceDirect. Studies involving individuals 

 with MS were analyzed to explore population characteristics and 

 types of VR environments employed. Data extraction focused on 

 participant demographics, clinical profiles, VR configurations, 

 and reported outcomes. RESULTS: The potential value of VR 

 training in this population was explored via systematic review. 

 23 studies highlighted the potential of VR environments to 

 explore balance mechanisms in MS. Diverse VR types, ranging from 

 immersive to semi-immersive systems, were used to assess 

 postural control, functional balance outcomes, gait, and 

 mobility. Despite variability in methodologies and reported 

 outcomes, changes in functional measures such as gait and 

 balance were frequently observed. This variability underscores 

 the need for standardized protocols to enhance the comparability 

 and application of VR in MS rehabilitation. CONCLUSION: This 

 systematic review highlights the variability in assessed balance 

 response outcomes in PwMS.},

keywords = {Balance control mechanisms, Multiple sclerosis, Postural   balance, Postural control, Virtual reality},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Austin2025-dm,

title = {Inkjet printing of heterostructures: Investigation and  strategies for control of interfaces},

author = {Jonathan S Austin and Yundong Zhou and Geoffrey Rivers and Negar Gilani and Feiran Wang and Christopher J Tuck and Ian S Gilmore and Richard J M Hague and Gustavo F Trindade and Lyudmila Turyanska},

doi = {10.1021/acsami.4c21170},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-03-01},

urldate = {2025-03-01},

journal = {ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces},

volume = {17},

number = {11},

pages = {17230\textendash17237},

publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},

abstract = {Development of printed electronics requires understanding and 

 control of the interfaces in heterostructure devices. However, 

 investigation of the interfaces between dissimilar materials to 

 achieve control of intermixing presents challenges. Here, we 

 report investigation of interfaces in inkjet printed 

 heterostructures by time-of-flight secondary ion mass 

 spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), focused ion beam scanning electron 

 microscopy (FIB-SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis 

 to provide complementary insights into the intermixing 

 phenomena. By examining various heterostructures of 0D (CsPbBr3 

 nanocrystal), 2D (inkjet printed graphene, iGr), and polymeric 

 (PEDOT:PSS) materials deposited with different printing 

 parameters, we established the effect of ink composition and 

 printing parameters on the intermixing depth. We demonstrated 

 that in the heterostructures where the intermixing is dominated 

 by layer porosity, the intermixing depth does not affect the 

 electrical properties of the device, while intermixing by layer 

 redispersion results in the decrease of the effective layer 

 thickness accompanied by an increase of electrical resistance. 

 The strategy for control over the interfacial composition and 

 morphology in printed heterostructures could enable improved 

 design and performance of printed devices.},

keywords = {graphene, heterostructures, inkjet printing, multimaterial, PEDOT:PSS, perovskite CsPbBr3},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Harwood2025-cz,

title = {Agonist efficacy at the β2AR is driven by the faster  association rate of the Gs protein},

author = {Clare R Harwood and David A Sykes and Theo Redfern-Nichols and Owen Underwood and Colin Nicholson and Armin N Khoshgrudi and Eline J Koers and Graham Ladds and Stephen J Briddon and Dmitry B Veprintsev},

doi = {10.3389/fphar.2025.1367991},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-03-01},

urldate = {2025-03-01},

journal = {Front. Pharmacol.},

volume = {16},

pages = {1367991},

publisher = {Frontiers Media SA},

abstract = {Introduction: The β2-adrenoceptor (β2AR) is a class 

 A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). It is therapeutically 

 relevant in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 

 (COPD), where β2AR agonists relieve bronchoconstriction. 

 The β2AR is a prototypical GPCR for structural and 

 biophysical studies. However, the molecular basis of agonist 

 efficacy at the β2AR is not understood. We hypothesised 

 that the kinetics of GPCR-G protein interactions could play a 

 role in determining ligand efficacy. By studying a range of 

 agonists with varying efficacy, we examined the relationship 

 between ligand-induced mini-Gs binding to the β2AR and 

 ligand efficacy, along with the ability of individual ligands to 

 activate the G protein in cells. Methods: We used NanoBRET 

 technology to measure ligand-induced binding of purified 

 Venus-mini-Gs to β2AR-nLuc in membrane preparations under 

 both equilibrium and kinetic conditions. In addition, we 

 examined the ability of these β2AR agonists to activate 

 the heterotrimeric Gs protein, measured using the Gs-CASE 

 protein biosensor in living cells. This assay detects a 

 reduction in NanoBRET between the nano-luciferase (nLuc) donor 

 on the Gα subunit and Venus acceptor on the Gγ 

 upon Gs protein activation. Results: The 12 β2AR agonists 

 under study revealed a broad range of ligand potency and 

 efficacy values in the cellular Gs-CASE assays. Kinetic 

 characterisation of mini-Gs binding to the agonist β2AR 

 complex revealed a strong correlation between ligand efficacy 

 values (Emax) and mini-Gs affinity (K d) and its association 

 rate (k on). In contrast, there was no correlation between 

 ligand efficacy and reported ligand dissociation rates (or 

 residence times). Conclusion: The association rate (k on) of the 

 G protein to the agonist β2AR complex is directly 

 correlated with ligand efficacy. These data support a model in 

 which higher-efficacy agonists induce the β2AR to adopt a 

 conformation that is more likely to recruit G protein. 

 Conversely, these data did not support the role of agonist 

 binding kinetics in determining the molecular basis of efficacy.},

keywords = {association   rate kon, dissociation rate koff, efficacy, G protein-coupled receptor, kinetics, β2-adrenoceptor},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sculthorpe2025-jm,

title = {High α-SMA expression in the tumor stroma is associated  with adverse clinical parameters in mismatch repair-proficient  colorectal cancers only},

author = {Declan J Sculthorpe and Amy Denton and Wakkas Fadhil and Dewi Rusnita and Mohammad Ilyas and Abhik Mukherjee},

doi = {10.1093/ajcp/aqae145},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-03-01},

urldate = {2025-03-01},

journal = {Am. J. Clin. Pathol.},

volume = {163},

number = {3},

pages = {464\textendash472},

publisher = {Oxford University Press (OUP)},

abstract = {OBJECTIVES: As mismatch repair status confers differential 

 prognosis in colorectal cancers, this study aimed to determine 

 associations of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) 

 protein expression in mismatch repair-proficient (pMMR) and 

 mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) colorectal tumors with 

 clinicopathologic and prognostic features. METHODS: Tissue 

 microarrays from patients with colorectal cancer, immunostained 

 with α-SMA, were assessed through digital image analysis. Total (n = 962), pMMR (n = 782), and dMMR (n = 156) stromal 

 H-scores were assessed for associations with clinicopathologic 

 and survival data. RESULTS: Higher α-SMA expression was correlated with pMMR status (P = 5.2223 $times$ 10-8). In the 

 pMMR subgroup, higher α-SMA stromal expression at the tumor periphery was correlated with higher T stage (P = .002), perineural invasion (P = .038), infiltrative tumor edge (P = .01), involved nodal status (P = .036), metastases (P = .013), synchronous metastases (P = .007), recurrence (P = .004), and both 3-year and 5-year survival (P = .018). dMMR tumors showed 

 no significant correlations with α-SMA staining. 

 CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight that immunostaining with 

 α-SMA in pMMR colorectal tumors, especially at the tumor 

 periphery, has the potential to identify patients with adverse 

 prognostic features. Digital assessment of α-SMA may 

 offer improved objectivity, accuracy, economy of time, and risk 

 stratification for management.},

keywords = {biomarker analysis, colorectal cancer, digital image analysis, DNA mismatch repair, immunohistochemistry, α-SMA},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gentile2025-oe,

title = {Ring-shaped atom-trap lattices using multipole dressing fields},

author = {Fabio Gentile and Jamie Johnson and Konstantinos Poulios and Thomas Fernholz},

doi = {10.1116/5.0241505},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-03-01},

urldate = {2025-03-01},

journal = {AVS Quantum Sci.},

volume = {7},

number = {1},

publisher = {American Vacuum Society},

abstract = {We present a method for the creation of closed-loop lattices for 

 ultra-cold atoms using dressed potentials. We analytically 

 describe the generation of trap lattices that are 

 state-dependent with dynamically controlled lattice depths and 

 positioning. In a design akin to a synchronous motor, the 

 potentials arise from the combination of a static, ring-shaped 

 quadrupole field and multipole radio-frequency fields. Our 

 technique relies solely on static and radio-frequency (rf) 

 magnetic fields, enabling the creation of robust atom traps with 

 simple control via rf amplitudes and phases. Potential 

 applications of our scheme span the range from quantum many-body 

 simulations to guided Sagnac interferometers.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Yao2025-ht,

title = {Optoacoustic lenses for lateral sub-optical resolution  elasticity imaging},

author = {Mengting Yao and Rafael Fuentes-Dom\'{i}nguez and Salvatore La 3rd Cavera and Fernando P\'{e}rez-Cota and Richard J Smith and Matt Clark},

doi = {10.1016/j.pacs.2024.100663},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-02-01},

urldate = {2025-02-01},

journal = {Photoacoustics},

volume = {41},

number = {100663},

pages = {100663},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time the focusing of 

 gigahertz coherent phonon pulses propagating in water using 

 picosecond ultrasonics and Brillouin light scattering. We 

 achieve this by using planar Fresnel zone plate and concave 

 lenses with different focal lengths. Pump light illuminating the 

 optoacoustic lens generates a focusing acoustic field, and 

 Brillouin scattered probe light allows the acoustic field to be 

 continuously monitored over time. Agreement of the experiment 

 with a numerical model suggests that we can generate a focused 

 acoustic beam down to ∼ 250 nm. A clear focusing effect is 

 observed experimentally as a modulation of the envelope of the 

 time-resolved Brillouin scattering (TRBS) signal. These findings 

 are a crucial step toward their application in high-resolution 

 acoustic microscopy. This work experimentally demonstrates a 

 method to narrow the lateral size of picosecond laser-generated 

 phonon fields in an aqueous environment, making it well-suited 

 for 3D imaging applications in biological systems using TRBS.},

keywords = {78A60, 92C55, Brillouin scattering, Elasticity imaging, Phonon   focusing, Picosecond laser ultrasonics},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Patel2025-gw,

title = {Developing neural networks to rapidly map crystallographic  orientation using laser ultrasound measurements},

author = {Rikesh Patel and Wenqi Li and Richard J Smith and Matt Clark},

doi = {10.1016/j.scriptamat.2024.116415},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-02-01},

urldate = {2025-02-01},

journal = {Scr. Mater.},

volume = {256},

number = {116415},

pages = {116415},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Tompkins2025-qp,

title = {Three-dimensional runout characterisation for rotationally  symmetric components},

author = {Christopher G Tompkins and Luke D Todhunter and Harald Gottmann and Christoph Rettig and Robert Schmitt and Jochen Wacker and Samanta Piano},

doi = {10.1038/s44172-025-00354-0},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-02-01},

urldate = {2025-02-01},

journal = {Commun Eng},

volume = {4},

number = {1},

pages = {19},

abstract = {Rotationally symmetric components (such as gears and axels) are 

 ubiquitous to modern devices, and their precision manufacture is 

 necessary to keep costs and manufacture time down, as well as 

 reduce waste and possibly hazardous component failure. The 

 manufacturing errors, which affect the shape in the rotation 

 axis, are grouped together into the common term ``runout\'\'. Here 

 we present a potential updated standard for characterising the 

 runout of rotationally symmetric machined parts in 

 three-dimensions, and evaluated using virtual instrumentation, 

 enabling an accurate characterisation of the three dimensional 

 (3D) surface deformation of a part from minimal surface 

 information. For any 3D characterisation method to be widely 

 adopted by the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics 

 community, it must be fully compatible with previous methods and 

 standards. As such, the proposed method produces a 3D runout 

 vector based on four standard profile measurements. To evaluate 

 the efficacy of the proposed runout method, a technique for 

 evaluating the errors of commonly used virtual instruments has 

 been developed. This evaluation technique produces a 

 single-valued quantification of the deviation of the instrument 

 outputs compared to the input parameters, decoupled from the 

 errors on the instrument itself.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wood2025-dw,

title = {Metabolomic characterisation of the glioblastoma invasive margin  reveals a region-specific signature},

author = {James Wood and Stuart J Smith and Marcos Castellanos-Uribe and Anbarasu Lourdusamy and Sean T May and David A Barrett and Richard G Grundy and Dong-Hyun Kim and Ruman Rahman},

doi = {10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41309},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

urldate = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Heliyon},

volume = {11},

number = {1},

pages = {e41309},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type glioblastoma (GBM) is 

 characterised by a heterogeneous genetic landscape resulting 

 from dynamic competition between tumour subclones to survive 

 selective pressures. Improvements in metabolite identification 

 and metabolome coverage have led to increased interest in 

 clinically relevant applications of metabolomics. Here, we use 

 liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gene expression 

 microarray to profile integrated intratumour metabolic 

 heterogeneity, as a direct functional readout of adaptive 

 responses of subclones to the tumour microenvironment. 

 Multi-region surgical sampling was performed on five adult GBM 

 patients based on pre-operative brain imaging and 

 fluorescence-guided surgery. Polar and hydrophobic metabolites 

 extracted from tumour fragments were assessed, followed by 

 putative assignment of metabolite identifications based on 

 retention times and molecular mass. Class discrimination between 

 tumour regions through showed clear separation of tumour regions 

 based on polar metabolite profiles. Metabolic pathway 

 assignments revealed several significantly altered metabolites 

 between the tumour core and invasive region to be associated 

 with purine and pyrimidine metabolism. This proof-of-principle 

 study assesses intratumour heterogeneity through mass 

 spectrometry-based metabolite profiling of multi-region 

 biopsies. Bioinformatic interpretation of the GBM metabolome has 

 highlighted the invasive region to be biologically distinct 

 compared to tumour core and revealed putative drug-targetable 

 metabolic pathways associated with purine and pyrimidine 

 metabolism.},

keywords = {Glioblastoma, Invasive margin, Liquid-chromatography mass   spectrometry, Metabolomics},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Wang2025-jq,

title = {Additive manufacturing of functionalised atomic vapour cells for  next-generation quantum technologies},

author = {Feiran Wang and Nathan Cooper and Yinfeng He and Benjamin Hopton and David Johnson and Peng Zhao and Christopher J Tuck and Richard Hague and T Mark Fromhold and Ricky D Wildman and Lyudmila Turyanska and Lucia Hackerm\"{u}ller},

doi = {10.1088/2058-9565/ad8678},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

urldate = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Quantum Sci. Technol.},

volume = {10},

number = {1},

pages = {015019},

publisher = {IOP Publishing},

abstract = {Abstract Atomic vapour cells are an indispensable tool for 

 quantum technologies (QT), but potential improvements are 

 limited by the capacities of conventional manufacturing 

 techniques. Using an additive manufacturing (AM) technique\textemdashvat 

 polymerisation by digital light processing\textemdashwe demonstrate, for 

 the first time, a 3D-printed glass vapour cell. The exploitation 

 of AM capacities allows intricate internal architectures, 

 overprinting of 2D optoelectronical materials to create 

 integrated sensors and surface functionalisation, while also 

 showing the ability to tailor the optical properties of the AM 

 glass by in-situ growth of gold nanoparticles. The produced 

 cells achieve ultra-high vacuum of 2 $times$ 10−9 mbar and 

 enable Doppler-free spectroscopy; we demonstrate laser frequency 

 stabilisation as a QT application. These results highlight the 

 transformative role that AM can play for QT in enabling compact, 

 optimised and integrated multi-material components and devices.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Teixeira2025-rt,

title = {Scale-up of continuous metallaphotoredox catalyzed C-O  coupling to a 10 kg-scale using small footprint photochemical  Taylor vortex flow reactors},

author = {Rodolfo I Teixeira and Toby H Waldron Clarke and Ashley Love and Xue-Zhong Sun and Surajit Kayal and Michael W George},

doi = {10.1021/acs.oprd.4c00262},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

urldate = {2025-01-01},

journal = {Org. Process Res. Dev.},

volume = {29},

number = {1},

pages = {34\textendash47},

publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},

abstract = {We report the development and optimization of a scalable flow 

 process for metallaphotoredox (Ir/Ni) C-O coupling, a mild and 

 efficient approach for forming alkyl-aryl ethers, a common motif 

 in medicinal and process chemistry settings. Time-resolved 

 infrared spectroscopy (TRIR) highlighted the amine as the major 

 quencher of the photocatalyst triplet excited state, along with 

 the formation of an Ir(II) species that, in the presence of the 

 Ni cocatalyst, has its lifetime shortened, suggesting reductive 

 quenching of Ir(III)*, followed by reoxidation facilitated by 

 the Ni cocatalyst. TRIR and batch reaction screening was used to 

 develop conditions transferrable to flow, and many processing 

 benefits of performing the reaction in flow were then 

 demonstrated using a simple to construct/operate, 

 small-footprint FEP coil flow reactor, including short (10 kg 

 day-1 in a large PhotoVortex (185 mL irradiated volume) with 

 good product yields (\>90%) and low catalyst loadings (0.1 to 

 0.5 mol % of [IrdF(CF3)ppy2dtbbpy]PF6), enabled by 

 excellent mixing ensuring sufficient mass transfer between 

 short-lived photoexcited and other transient species.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Hooshmand2025-ah,

title = {Comparison of rigorous scattering models to accurately replicate  the behaviour of scattered electromagnetic waves in optical  surface metrology},

author = {Helia Hooshmand and Tobias Pahl and Poul-Erik Hansen and Liwei Fu and Alexander Birk and Mirza Karamehmedovi\'{c} and Peter Lehmann and Stephan Reichelt and Richard Leach and Samanta Piano},

doi = {10.1117/1.OE.63.4.044102},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-01-01},

urldate = {2025-01-01},

journal = {J. Comput. Phys.},

volume = {521},

number = {113519},

pages = {113519},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Serra2024-tj,

title = {Neurosurgical application of olaparib from a thermo-responsive  paste potentiates DNA damage to prolong survival in malignant  glioma},

author = {Riccardo Serra and Stuart J Smith and Jonathan Rowlinson and Noah Gorelick and Cara Moloney and Phoebe McCrorie and Gareth J Veal and Philip Berry and Anthony J Chalmers and Ian Suk and Kevin M Shakesheff and Cameron Alexander and Richard G Grundy and Henry Brem and Betty M Tyler and Ruman Rahman},

doi = {10.1038/s41416-024-02878-2},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-12-01},

urldate = {2024-12-01},

journal = {Br. J. Cancer},

volume = {131},

number = {11},

pages = {1858\textendash1868},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {BACKGROUND: There is increased pan-cancer specific interest in 

 repurposing the poly adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase-1 

 (PARP-1) inhibitor, olaparib, for newly diagnosed or recurrent 

 isocitrate dehydrogenase wild type glioblastoma. We explore 

 whether intra-cavity delivery of olaparib confers a survival 

 benefit in a pre-clinical high-grade glioma model. METHODS: 

 Primary tumor RNA sequencing data was used to determine PARP-1 

 as a target in the glioblastoma infiltrative margin. We assessed 

 radiosensitization conferred by olaparib alone and concomitant 

 to genotoxic insults in vitro using clonal growth assays, cell 

 cycle analysis and immunocytochemistry, and in vivo upon 

 post-surgical delivery from a temperature-sensitive polymeric 

 paste. RESULTS: RNA-sequencing confirmed PARP-1 as a viable 

 therapy target in glioblastoma infiltrative disease. Acute 

 exposure of glioma cells to olaparib impaired proliferation and 

 induced late-stage apoptosis associated with DNA damage in 

 vitro, potentiated by radiation. Using high-grade glioma 

 orthotopic allografts, a long-term overall survival benefit was 

 observed upon interstitial olaparib delivery concomitant with 

 radiotherapy, compared to systemic olaparib and standard 

 glioblastoma treatment. Combined delivery of olaparib with 

 either temozolomide or etoposide increased long-term survival, 

 suggestive of olaparib functioning as DNA damage sensitizer. 

 CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, our data support a rationale for 

 localized olaparib delivery concomitant with the current 

 clinical regimen for malignant glioma treatment.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Burrows2024-xb,

title = {Mathematical modelling and deep learning algorithms to automate  assessment of single and digitally multiplexed  immunohistochemical stains in tumoural stroma},

author = {Liam Burrows and Declan Sculthorpe and Hongrun Zhang and Obaid Rehman and Abhik Mukherjee and Ke Chen},

doi = {10.1016/j.jpi.2023.100351},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-12-01},

urldate = {2024-12-01},

journal = {J. Pathol. Inform.},

volume = {15},

number = {100351},

pages = {100351},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Whilst automated analysis of immunostains in pathology research 

 has focused predominantly on the epithelial compartment, 

 automated analysis of stains in the stromal compartment is 

 challenging and therefore requires time-consuming pathological 

 input and guidance to adjust to tissue morphometry as perceived 

 by pathologists. This study aimed to develop a robust method to 

 automate stromal stain analyses using 2 of the commonest stromal 

 stains (SMA and desmin) employed in clinical pathology practice 

 as examples. An effective computational method capable of 

 automatically assessing and quantifying tumour-associated 

 stromal stains was developed and applied on cores of colorectal 

 cancer tissue microarrays. The methodology combines both 

 mathematical models and deep learning techniques with the former 

 requiring no training data and the latter as many inputs as 

 possible. The novel mathematical model was used to produce a 

 digital double marker overlay allowing for fast automated 

 digital multiplex analysis of stromal stains. The results show 

 that deep learning methodologies in combination with 

 mathematical modelling allow for an accurate means of 

 quantifying stromal stains whilst also opening up new 

 possibilities of digital multiplex analyses.},

keywords = {Digital multiplex, Digital pathology, Machine learning, Mathematical modelling, Stromal stain, Tissue microarrays},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Jaafar2024-mx,

title = {Light-mediated multilevel neuromorphic switching in a hybrid  organic-inorganic memristor},

author = {Ayoub H Jaafar and Neil T Kemp},

doi = {10.1021/acsomega.4c09401},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-12-01},

urldate = {2024-12-01},

journal = {ACS Omega},

volume = {9},

number = {52},

pages = {51641\textendash51651},

publisher = {American Chemical Society (ACS)},

abstract = {Modulating memristors optically paves the way for new 

 optoelectronic devices with applications in computer vision, 

 neuromorphic computing, and artificial intelligence. Here, we 

 report on memristors based on a hybrid material of vertically 

 aligned zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) and poly(methyl 

 methacrylate) (PMMA). The memristors require no forming step and 

 exhibit the typical electronic switching properties of a bipolar 

 memristor. The devices can also be switched optically and 

 demonstrate an optically tunable multilevel switching behavior 

 upon illumination with UV light. Additionally, the devices 

 demonstrate high-performance photonic synaptic functionalities, 

 including excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), paired-pulse 

 facilitation (PPF), and enhanced potentiation/depression and 

 learning-forgetting characteristics. Notably, after the removal 

 of the UV light, the optoelectronic memristor exhibits a 

 short-term memory due to a persistent photoconductance (PPC) 

 effect. Such a behavior has application in the fabrication of 

 cloned neural networks with pretrained information. The work 

 provides a promising pathway for the fabrication of simple, 

 easy-to-make, and low-cost optoelectronic devices for memory and 

 optically tuned neuromorphic computing applications.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Milborne2024-ra,

title = {Yttrium-enriched phosphate glass-ceramic microspheres for bone  cancer radiotherapy treatment},

author = {Ben Milborne and Andi Arjuna and Md Towhidul Islam and Abul Arafat and Robert Layfield and Alexander Thompson and Ifty Ahmed},

doi = {10.1021/acsomega.4c02825},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-12-01},

urldate = {2024-12-01},

journal = {ACS Omega},

volume = {9},

number = {52},

pages = {50933\textendash50944},

abstract = {This study presents the development and characterization of high 

 yttrium-content phosphate-based glass-ceramic microspheres for 

 potential applications in bone cancer radiotherapy treatment. The 

 microspheres produced via flame spheroidization, followed by 

 sieving, revealed a lack of aggregation and a narrow size 

 distribution (45-125 μm) achieved across different yttrium 

 oxide to glass ratio samples. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) 

 analysis showed a significant increase in yttrium content within 

 the microspheres with increasing yttrium oxide to glass ratio 

 samples, ranging from approximately 1-39 mol % for 10Y-50Y 

 microspheres, respectively. Concurrently, a proportional decrease 

 in the phosphate, calcium, and magnesium content was observed. 

 Further EDX mapping showed a homogeneous distribution of all 

 elements throughout the microspheres, indicating uniform 

 composition. X-ray diffraction profiles confirmed the amorphous 

 nature of the starting P40 glass microspheres, while 

 yttrium-containing microspheres exhibited crystalline peaks 

 corresponding to cubic and hexagonal Y2O3 and Y(PO4) phases, 

 indicating the formation of glass-ceramic materials. Ion release 

 studies revealed the reduction of all ion release rates from 

 yttrium-containing microspheres compared with P40 microspheres. 

 The pH of the surrounding media was also stable at approximately 

 pH 7 over time, highlighting the chemical durability of the 

 microspheres\' produced. In vitro cytocompatibility studies 

 demonstrated that both indirect and direct cell culture methods 

 showed favorable cellular responses. The metabolic and alkaline 

 phosphatase activity assays indicated comparable or enhanced cell 

 responses on yttrium-containing microspheres compared to the 

 initial P40 glass microspheres. Overall, these findings showed 

 that significantly high yttrium-content phosphate glass-ceramic 

 microspheres could be produced as versatile biomaterials offering 

 potential applications for combined bone cancer radiotherapy 

 treatment and bone regeneration.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Limweshasin2024-mu,

title = {Respiratory rate monitoring via a Fibre Bragg Grating-embedded  respirator mask with a wearable miniature interrogator},

author = {Nat Limweshasin and Itzel Avila Castro and Serhiy Korposh and Stephen P Morgan and Barrie R Hayes-Gill and Mark A Faghy and Ricardo Correia},

doi = {10.3390/s24237476},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-11-01},

urldate = {2024-11-01},

journal = {Sensors (Basel)},

volume = {24},

number = {23},

pages = {7476},

publisher = {MDPI AG},

abstract = {A respiration rate (RR) monitoring system was created by 

 integrating a Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) optical fibre sensor 

 into a respirator mask. The system exploits the sensitivity of 

 an FBG to temperature to identify an individual\'s RR by 

 measuring airflow temperature variation near the nostrils and 

 mouth. To monitor the FBG response, a portable, battery-powered, 

 wireless miniature interrogator system was developed to replace 

 a relatively bulky benchtop interrogator used in previous 

 studies. A healthy volunteer study was conducted to evaluate the 

 performance of the developed system (10 healthy volunteers). 

 Volunteers were asked to perform normal breathing whilst 

 simultaneously wearing the system and a reference spirometer for 

 120 s. Individual breaths are then identified using a peak 

 detection algorithm. The result showed that the number of 

 breaths detected by both devices matched exactly (100%) across 

 all volunteer trials.},

keywords = {ambulatory, fibre bragg grating, respiration rate, temperature, wearable},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Somekh2024-oz,

title = {Common framework for surface plasmon binding and voltage sensing  and microscopy with transmission line representation},

author = {Michael G Somekh and Karen Regules-Medel and Sidahmed A Abayzeed},

doi = {10.1364/JOSAA.534360},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-11-01},

urldate = {2024-11-01},

journal = {J. Opt. Soc. Am. A Opt. Image Sci. Vis.},

volume = {41},

number = {11},

pages = {C90\textendashC98},

publisher = {Optica Publishing Group},

abstract = {Surface plasmon imaging and sensing is a well-established and 

 important technology for the detection of minute binding events 

 in, for instance, antibody/antigen reactions. More recently it 

 has been realized that surface plasmon effects can be used to 

 measure voltages as well as electrical impedance. At first sight 

 the physical mechanisms for binding and voltage sensing appear 

 very different; however, we develop a transmission line and 

 impedance representation of the sensing process which clearly 

 shows that binding and voltage sensing can be conveniently 

 represented in a common framework. Our transmission line model 

 shows graphically how the gold layer amplifies reflectivity 

 changes resulting in optimum sensitivity at around 48 nm gold 

 thickness. The other elegant feature of this representation is 

 that the model clearly shows the role of the change in amplitude 

 and phase in the sensing process; indeed it reveals their 

 relative contribution to the output of the sensor. The graphical 

 representation is also very suggestive of a model to quantify 

 the performance of different detection strategies. This model 

 provides a framework to describe these strategies without 

 reference to any specific noise mechanisms. The results of the 

 model definitively support previous assertions that phase 

 imaging gives better sensitivity compared to intensity 

 measurement. Moreover, we show that measurement of the complex 

 amplitude containing both amplitude and phase of the detected 

 signal performs even better than phase only detection. This 

 opens the way for further enhancements of detection sensitivity.},

keywords = {localised surface plasmon resonance, voltage sensing},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Gennari2024-go,

title = {Bubble dissolution in Taylor\textendashCouette flow},

author = {Gabriele Gennari and Richard Jefferson-Loveday and Stephen J Pickering and Michael W George},

doi = {10.1017/jfm.2024.886},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-11-01},

urldate = {2024-11-01},

journal = {J. Fluid Mech.},

volume = {999},

number = {A39},

publisher = {Cambridge University Press (CUP)},

abstract = {We perform direct numerical simulations of soluble bubbles 

 dissolving in a Taylor\textendashCouette (TC) flow reactor with a radius ratio of $eta =0.5$ and Reynolds number in the range $0 \leq Re 

 \leq 5000$ , which covers the main regimes of this flow 

 configuration, up to fully turbulent Taylor vortex flow. The 

 numerical method is based on a geometric volume-of-fluid 

 framework for incompressible flows coupled with a phase-change 

 solver that ensures mass conservation of the soluble species, 

 whilst boundary conditions on solid walls are enforced through 

 an embedded boundary approach. The numerical framework is 

 validated extensively against single-phase TC flows and 

 competing mass transfer in multicomponent mixtures for an 

 idealised infinite cylinder and for a bubble rising in a 

 quiescent liquid. Our results show that when bubbles in a TC 

 flow are mainly driven by buoyancy, theoretical formulae derived 

 for spherical interfaces on a vertical trajectory still provide 

 the right fundamental relationship between the bubble Reynolds 

 and Sherwood numbers, which reduces to $Sh propto sqrt Pe$ 

 for large P\'{e}clet values. For bubbles mainly transported by 

 TC flows, the dissolution of bubbles depend on the TC Reynolds 

 number and, for the turbulent configurations, we show that the 

 smallest characteristic turbulent scales control mass transfer, 

 in agreement with the small-eddy model of Lamont \& Scott (AIChE 

 J., vol. 16, 1970, pp. 513\textendash519). Finally, the interaction 

 between two aligned bubbles is investigated and we show that a 

 significant increase in mass transfer can be obtained when the 

 rotor of the apparatus is operated at larger speeds.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Anufriev2024-do,

title = {An experimental demonstration of neuromorphic sensing of  chemical species using electro-optical reservoir computing},

author = {Gleb Anufriev and David Furniss and Mark C Farries and Angela B Seddon and Sendy Phang},

doi = {10.1038/s41598-024-79395-y},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-11-01},

urldate = {2024-11-01},

journal = {Sci. Rep.},

volume = {14},

number = {1},

pages = {27915},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {A chemical discrimination system based on photonic reservoir 

 computing is demonstrated experimentally for the first time. The 

 system is inspired by the way humans perceive and process visual 

 sensory information. The electro-optical reservoir computing 

 system is a photonic analogue of the human nervous system with 

 the read-out layer acting as the \'brain\', and the sensor that of 

 the human eye. A task-specific optimisation of the system is 

 implemented, and the performance of the system for the 

 discrimination between three chemicals is presented. The results 

 are compared to the previously published numerical simulation 

 (Anufriev et al. in Opt Mater Express 12:1767-1783, 2022, 

 10.1364/OME.449036). This publication provides a feasibility 

 assessment and a demonstration of a practical realisation of 

 photonic reservoir computing for a new neuromorphic sensing 

 system - the next generation sensor with a built-in 

 \'intelligence\' which can be trained to \'understand\' and to make 

 a real time sensing decision based on the training data.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Paterson2024-ih,

title = {Highly porous polycaprolactone microspheres for skeletal repair  promote a mature bone cell phenotype in vitro},

author = {Thomas E Paterson and Robert Owen and Colin Sherborne and Hossein Bahmaee and Amy L Harding and Nicola H Green and Gwendolen C Reilly and Frederik Claeyssens},

doi = {10.1039/d4tb01532k},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-11-01},

urldate = {2024-11-01},

journal = {J. Mater. Chem. B Mater. Biol. Med.},

volume = {12},

number = {45},

pages = {11746\textendash11758},

publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)},

abstract = {Improving our ability to treat skeletal defects is a critical 

 medical challenge that necessitates the development of new 

 biomaterials. One promising approach involves the use of 

 degradable polymer microparticles with an interconnected 

 internal porosity. Here, we employed a double emulsion to 

 generate such round microparticles (also known as microspheres) 

 from a polycaprolactone-based polymerised high internal phase 

 emulsion (polyHIPE). These microspheres effectively supported 

 the growth of mesenchymal progenitors over a 30-day period, and 

 when maintained in osteogenic media, cells deposited a bone-like 

 extracellular matrix, as determined by histological staining for 

 calcium and collagen. Interestingly, cells with an 

 osteocyte-like morphology were observed within the core of the 

 microspheres indicating the role of a physical environment 

 comparable to native bone for this phenotype to occur. At later 

 timepoints, these cultures had significantly increased mRNA 

 expression of the osteocyte-specific markers dentin matrix 

 phosphoprotein-1 (Dmp-1) and sclerostin, with sclerostin also 

 observed at the protein level. Cells pre-cultured on porous 

 microspheres exhibited enhanced survival rates compared to those 

 pre-cultured on non-porous counterparts when injected. Cells 

 precultured on both porous and non-porous microspheres promoted 

 angiogenesis in a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. In 

 summary, the polycaprolactone polyHIPE microspheres developed in 

 this study exhibit significant promise as an alternative to 

 traditional synthetic bone graft substitutes, offering a 

 conducive environment for cell growth and differentiation, with 

 the potential for better clinical outcomes in bone repair and 

 regeneration.},

keywords = {},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Sanchez2024-rv,

title = {Radiogenomics as an integrated approach to glioblastoma  precision medicine},

author = {Isabella Sanchez and Ruman Rahman},

doi = {10.1007/s11912-024-01580-z},

year  = {2024},

date = {2024-10-01},

urldate = {2024-10-01},

journal = {Curr. Oncol. Rep.},

volume = {26},

number = {10},

pages = {1213\textendash1222},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type 

 glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain tumour in 

 adults. Its infiltrative nature and heterogeneity confer a 

 dismal prognosis, despite multimodal treatment. Precision 

 medicine is increasingly advocated to improve survival rates in 

 glioblastoma management; however, conventional neuroimaging 

 techniques are insufficient in providing the detail required for 

 accurate diagnosis of this complex condition. RECENT FINDINGS: 

 Advanced magnetic resonance imaging allows more comprehensive 

 understanding of the tumour microenvironment. Combining 

 diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging to create a 

 multiparametric scan enhances diagnostic power and can overcome 

 the unreliability of tumour characterisation by standard 

 imaging. Recent progress in deep learning algorithms establishes 

 their remarkable ability in image-recognition tasks. Integrating 

 these with multiparametric scans could transform the diagnosis 

 and monitoring of patients by ensuring that the entire tumour is 

 captured. As a corollary, radiomics has emerged as a powerful 

 approach to offer insights into diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, 

 and tumour response through extraction of information from 

 radiological scans, and transformation of these tumour 

 characteristics into quantitative data. Radiogenomics, which 

 links imaging features with genomic profiles, has exhibited its 

 ability in characterising glioblastoma, and determining 

 therapeutic response, with the potential to revolutionise 

 management of glioblastoma. The integration of deep learning 

 algorithms into radiogenomic models has established an 

 automated, highly reproducible means to predict glioblastoma 

 molecular signatures, further aiding prognosis and targeted 

 therapy. However, challenges including lack of large cohorts, 

 absence of standardised guidelines and the \'black-box\' nature of 

 deep learning algorithms, must first be overcome before this 

 workflow can be applied in clinical practice.},

keywords = {Deep learning, Glioblastoma, Neuroimaging, Precision medicine, Radiogenomics, Radiomics},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}