Publications

@article{Swamy2025-po,

title = {Pulse oximeter bench tests under different simulated skin tones},

author = {Suvvi K Narayana Swamy and Chenyang He and Barrie R Hayes-Gill and Daniel J Clark and Sarah Green and Stephen P Morgan},

doi = {10.1007/s11517-024-03091-2},

year  = {2025},

date = {2025-07-01},

urldate = {2025-07-01},

journal = {Med. Biol. Eng. Comput.},

volume = {63},

number = {7},

pages = {1931\textendash1942},

publisher = {Springer Science and Business Media LLC},

abstract = {Pulse oximeters\' (POs) varying performance based on skin tones 

 has been highly publicised. Compared to arterial blood gas 

 analysis, POs tend to overestimate oxygen saturation (SpO2) 

 values for people with darker skin (occult hypoxemia). The 

 objective is to develop a test bench for assessing commercial 

 home and hospital-based POs in controlled laboratory conditions. 

 A laboratory simulator was used to mimic different SpO2 values 

 (~ 70 to 100%). Different neutral density and synthetic melanin 

 filters were used to reproduce low signal and varying melanin 

 attenuation levels. Six devices consisting of commercial home (Bioligh},

keywords = {Melanin, Occult hypoxemia, oxygen saturation, Pulse oximeter, Racial bias, Skin colour, Transmission-mode},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}