Publications

@article{Corden2023-ph,

title = {Autofluorescence-Raman spectroscopy for ex vivo mapping 

 colorectal liver metastases and liver tissue},

author = {Christopher Corden and Radu Boitor and Palminder Kaur Dusanjh and Andrew Harwood and Abhik Mukherjee and Dhanwant Gomez and Ioan Notingher},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-08-01},

journal = {J. Surg. Res.},

volume = {288},

pages = {10\textendash20},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Identifying colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) 

 during liver resection could assist in achieving clear surgical 

 margins, which is an important prognostic variable for both 

 disease-free and overall survival. The aim of this study was to 

 investigate the effect of auto-fluorescence (AF) and Raman 

 spectroscopy for ex vivo label-free discrimination of CRLMs from 

 normal liver tissue. Secondary aims include exploring options 

 for multimodal AF-Raman integration with respect to diagnosis 

 accuracy and imaging speed on human liver tissue and CRLM. 

 METHODS: Liver samples were obtained from patients undergoing 

 liver surgery for CRLM who provided informed consent (15 

 patients were recruited). AF and Raman spectroscopy was 

 performed on CRLM and normal liver tissue samples and then 

 compared to histology. RESULTS: AF emission spectra demonstrated 

 that the 671 nm and 775/785 nm excitation wavelengths provided 

 the highest contrast, as normal liver tissue elicited on average 

 around eight-fold higher AF intensity compared to CRLM. The use 

 of the 785 nm wavelength had the advantage of enabling Raman 

 spectroscopy measurements from CRLM regions, allowing 

 discrimination of CRLM from regions of normal liver tissue 

 eliciting unusual low AF intensity, preventing 

 misclassification. Proof-of-concept experiments using small 

 pieces of CRLM samples covered by large normal liver tissue 

 demonstrated the feasibility of a dual-modality AF-Raman for 

 detection of positive margins within few minutes. CONCLUSIONS: 

 AF imaging and Raman spectroscopy can discriminate CRLM from 

 normal liver tissue in an ex vivo setting. These results suggest 

 the potential for developing integrated multimodal AF-Raman 

 imaging techniques for intraoperative assessment of surgical 

 margins.},

keywords = {Auto-fluorescence, Colorectal liver metastases, Liver, Raman   spectroscopy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}

@article{Barkur2022-pr,

title = {Intra-operative assessment of sentinel lymph nodes for breast 

 cancer surgery: An update},

author = {Surekha Barkur and Ioan Notingher and Emad Rakha},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-03-01},

journal = {Surg. Oncol.},

volume = {40},

number = {101678},

pages = {101678},

publisher = {Elsevier BV},

abstract = {Lymph node (LN) involvement is the strongest prognostic factor 

 in operable breast cancer (BC). Therefore, accurate assessment 

 of LN status is essential for management of BC patients. The 

 introduction of sentinel LN approach reduced the need for 

 extensive axillary surgery to achieve accurate staging. However, 

 positive sentinel LN as determined on postoperative histological 

 examination often leads to a second axillary operation to ensure 

 an accurate staging and that positive non-sentinel LNs are 

 removed. Although preoperative assessment of LN has improved 

 significantly, its accuracy remains insufficient to avoid 

 further axillary surgery and is not sufficient to predict the 

 status of the LN. Therefore, intraoperative evaluation of the 

 sentinel LN to determine the need for completing lymph node 

 dissection in case of metastasis can provide an important 

 approach to guide BC management decision making. This article 

 reviews the techniques available and under development for 

 intraoperative detection of sentinel LN metastasis in BC 

 surgery. The key features of each technique are described in 

 detail, emphasising the benefits offered by label-free optical 

 techniques: minimal sample preparation, high spatial resolution, 

 and immediate on-site implementation. Optical techniques have 

 the potential to provide a cost-effective and accurate 

 intraoperative platform for the assessment of SLN within the 

 operating theatre.},

keywords = {Breast cancer, Intra-operative assessment, Lymph nodes, Raman   spectroscopy},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}