Publications

@article{Owen2020-lk,

title = {Combined porogen leaching and emulsion templating to produce 

 bone tissue engineering scaffolds},

author = {Robert Owen and Colin Sherborne and Richard Evans and Gwendolen C Reilly and Frederik Claeyssens},

year  = {2020},

date = {2020-04-01},

journal = {Int. J. Bioprinting},

volume = {6},

number = {2},

pages = {265},

publisher = {AccScience Publishing},

abstract = {Bone has a hierarchy of porosity that is often overlooked when 

 creating tissue engineering scaffolds where pore sizes are 

 typically confined to a single order of magnitude. High internal 

 phase emulsion (HIPE) templating produces polymerized HIPEs 

 (polyHIPEs): highly interconnected porous polymers which have 

 two length scales of porosity covering the 1-100 μm range. 

 However, additional larger scales of porosity cannot be 

 introduced in the standard emulsion formulation. Researchers 

 have previously overcome this by additively manufacturing 

 emulsions; fabricating highly microporous struts into complex 

 macroporous geometries. This is time consuming and expensive; 

 therefore, here we assessed the feasibility of combining porogen 

 leaching with emulsion templating to introduce additional 

 macroporosity. Alginate beads between 275 and 780 μm were 

 incorporated into the emulsion at 0, 50, and 100 wt%. Once 

 polymerized, alginate was dissolved leaving highly porous 

 polyHIPE scaffolds with added macroporosity. The compressive 

 modulus of the scaffolds decreased as alginate porogen content 

 increased. Cellular performance was assessed using MLO-A5 

 post-osteoblasts. Seeding efficiency was significantly higher 

 and mineralized matrix deposition was more uniformly deposited 

 throughout porogen leached scaffolds compared to plain 

 polyHIPEs. Deep cell infiltration only occurred in porogen 

 leached scaffolds as detected by histology and lightsheet 

 microscopy. This study reveals a quick, low cost and simple 

 method of producing multiscale porosity scaffolds for tissue 

 engineering.},

keywords = {Alginate, bone tissue engineering, Emulsion templating, Multiscale porosity, Polymerized high internal phase emulsions},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {article}

}